Why it matters: There are many forms of gear employed by commercial fisherman to harvest target species of fish. However, some gears such as large-mesh drift gillnets often result in unintended bycatch, most of which is discarded dead and left to waste. For this reason, large-mesh drift gillnets have been eliminated as a commercial gear off most of the U.S. Coastline, save for California. Eliminating this last relic of an indiscriminate gear type and switching the swordfish fishery to cleaner gears has been a priority for the Congressional Sportsmen’s Foundation (CSF) and our partners in the recreational fishing community.
The America COMPETES Act (H.R. 4521) passed the U.S. House of Representatives on February 4th, which contained an amendment that included the Driftnet Modernization and Bycatch Reduction Act (Title II of Division H).
The bill will phase out the use of indiscriminate and wasteful large-mesh drift gillnets used in the swordfish fishery off the coast of California over a five-year period. Drift gillnets catch fish by entangling their fins and gills in the mesh as they try to swim through the net. However, they also entangle marine mammals and sea turtles. Other, more targeted gear, such as deep-set buoy gear, are more effective at specifically targeting swordfish and other commercially harvested species without the excessive bycatch and dead discards that result from the gillnet fishery. If enacted, this legislation will complement a California state law passed in 2018 set to revoke state permits for the use of drift gillnets in 2024 and provides fishermen with financial assistance to switch to cleaner fishing gears.
The bill also includes a provision that will benefit Alaska’s halibut charter fishery. The Recreational Quota Entity (RQE) program authorizes a market-based mechanism to transfer Alaska halibut quota shares from the commercial fishing sector to the charter fishing sector. This provision is the last step in setting up this program to provide Alaska’s sportfishing fleet with additional access and fishing opportunities for charter boat anglers.
While the Driftnet Modernization and Bycatch Reduction Act was included in the America COMPETES Act of 2022, it was not in the similar Senate version of the bill, the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act (S. 1260). However, the Senate version of the Driftnet Modernization and Bycatch Reduction Act (S. 273) already passed the Senate earlier in this Congress under unanimous consent, a sign of the bipartisan support for this legislation. On March 3, CSF joined a diverse group of stakeholders on a letter in support of maintaining Tit3le II of Division H of H.R. 4521 in the conference report with S. 1260.
Studies conducted at both the state and federal level have found that the number of hunters and trappers have been on a generally declining trend over the past several decades. To increase recruitment, retention, and reactivation (R3) of hunters and trappers, which initiative do you think would have the greatest impact?
